Modelo Prison Museum: Barcelona’s Former Panopticon of Repression

Explore La Modelo, Barcelona’s former panopticon prison turned museum. Active from 1904 to 2017, it held political prisoners and saw executions under Franco. Now open for free guided and unguided visits

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About El Modelo Former Prison Museum

The Barcelona Men's Penitentiary Centre, better known as La Modelo, operated as a prison for 113 years before closing on June 8, 2017.

History of La Modelo

During the Francoist era (1939–1975), La Modelo became a symbol of state repression, hosting more than 1,000 executions. One of the most notorious was the garroting of Salvador Puig Antich in 1974, which provoked international condemnation. The prison played a central role in the persecution of political dissidents, union leaders, and marginalized groups under Franco's dictatorship—a legacy shared with other sites such as Montjuïc Castle. The prison's circular design was inspired by the philosopher Jeremy Bentham, who in 1787 proposed the Panopticon—a model in which inmates could be observed from a central point without knowing when they were being watched. La Modelo adopted this concept, with one cell per prisoner, arranged radially from a central guard post. In practice, the guard booth only had visibility from the corridors, not into the cells. Construction began in 1881 and was completed in 1904, based on designs by architects Salvador Viñals i Sabaté and José Doménech Estapà. The radial structure features six galleries converging under a central dome, with the guard booth located at the heart of the building. La Modelo was inaugurated on June 9, 1904, as the tenth prison in Catalonia. Originally called Prisión Celular (Cellular Prison), it received the nickname "El Modelo" (The Model) because it was intended to serve as a prototype for future reform centers. Throughout the 20th century, the prison was used to intern political dissidents under the regimes of Primo de Rivera and Francisco Franco. The cells often held up to 16 people, including strikers, protesters, trade unionists, communists, and members of the LGBTQ+ community, all persecuted by the authoritarian state. For more information on this period, see the Civil War and Castles theme page.

Even after Spain's transition to democracy, La Modelo remained active until its closure in 2017. The prison was only emptied twice: the first time on July 19, 1936, when 831 prisoners were freed by anarchists at the start of the Spanish Civil War; and again in January 1939, when the inmates were either released, executed, or taken toward the French border just before Franco's troops entered Barcelona.

La Modelo homepage

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Why Visit La Modelo Prison Museum?

La Modelo Prison Museum offers a rare and haunting glimpse into Spain’s political history and penal architecture. From its panopticon layout to the preserved cells, annexes, and execution records, it stands as one of Barcelona’s most historically significant — and emotionally powerful — museums. Entry is completely free, making it a must-visit for history buffs, architecture enthusiasts, and anyone interested in Franco-era repression.

The prison complex includes original annexes such as kitchens, dining halls, workshops, a first aid centre, administration block, library, school, theatre, postal room, and gym. Outdoor courtyards and a small garden offer a stark contrast to the grim interior. Near the entrance, you’ll find the visitation booths where families once spoke to inmates through glass partitions.

Each of the six radial wings was used to house different categories of prisoners:

Today, the site is operated by the Catalan government (La Generalitat) as a Museum and Memorial of Repression in Catalunya. For more on the role of the Generalitat and its historic seat in the Catalan Parliament, see the Ciutadella Parliament page. Much of the prison remains in its original condition, offering a raw and authentic experience. Guided and unguided visits are free and can be booked online.

La Modelo Opening Hours & Prices

Visitor Tips for La Modelo

Bag policy: Like most museums in Barcelona, La Modelo requires visitors to deposit large bags and rucksacks in the locker area. If lockers are unavailable, entry may be restricted for oversized bags. Small handbags and compact daypacks (up to 10L) are generally permitted.

Cycling access: There are bicycle anchorage points directly outside La Modelo on Carrer d'Entença, making it easy to include in a bike-friendly itinerary across the Eixample district.

Accessibility: Access to the first floor is only via stairs, and there is no elevator. However, the ground floor contains most of the key exhibits, including cell blocks, visitation booths, and the central guard post. Note that some areas involve small changes in level — typically three or four steps — so visitors with mobility concerns should plan accordingly.

El Modelo Former Prison Museum Summary of Prices

Train/Bus Fare Entry Ticket Additional Information Train/Bus Fare Entry Ticket Additional Information Adult Zone 1 T-casual FREE Child € 1.25 FREE Free Entry? Free Entry Thursday & Friday 16:00h to 19:00h, Saturday 10:00h to 14:00h & 16:00h to 19:00h, Sunday 10:00h to 14:00h

Getting to El Modelo Former Prison Museum

Address: Carrer d'Entença 155, Barcelona, 08029

La Modelo occupies two full city blocks in the La Eixample Left neighbourhood of Barcelona, just a short walk from Sants Estació, the city’s main railway hub. Its central location makes it easy to include in a walking itinerary or day trip.

The nearest TMB Metro station is Entença on the Blue Line (L5), just a few minutes away on foot. You can also reach it from Sants Estació or Hospital Clínic stations with a short metro ride.

For public transport, use a T-Casual ticket for 10 single journeys, or opt for the Hola Barcelona Travel Card for unlimited travel across metro, bus, tram, and train networks — ideal for multi-day visitors exploring multiple sites.

Public Transport Guide

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BCN07 - La Modelo Prison - Parc Joan Miró - Arenas Shopping Centre

BCN07 - La Modelo Prison - Parc Joan Miró - Arenas Shopping Centre

City walk in Barcelona in the Eixample Right area passing via La Modelo former prison museum, Park Joan Miró and Arenas former bull ring shopping complex at plaça España.

Transport Network: Metro Return Travel Fare: T-Casual Zone 1 Distance: 4.41 Difficulty: EASY
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